Mammon Winery

Mammon Winery, Inc is a wine company established by a man with the name Dionysus Mammon, Sr (Mann and Roberts).   He was an immigrant from Greece who came to the United States in 1930 (Mann and Roberts). Mammon Sr. founded the company on a line of non-varietal jug wines (Mann and Roberts).   Mammon Winery, Inc. found its strong hold in the market with this specialty line.   Later, having finished a degree in enology, the study of wine making, Dionysus Jr. would join his father in the company. Dionysus jr. began his wine making crusade by convincing his father to branch out and explore other options within the wine making industry (Mann and Roberts).   This new line of exploration was in the form of premium varietal wines.   However, in order to be successful in this venture, they needed a large increase of capital for purchasing the necessary vineyards (Mann and Roberts).   Reluctantly, Dionysus Sr. took the company public and secured the required funds (Mann and Roberts).   Forty percent of Mammon Winery Inc. became owned by the public (Mann and Roberts).   For the first time, â€Å"outsiders† sat in on the board of directors (Mann and Roberts). The issue most concerning Dionysus Sr. in regards to Mammon Winery, Inc. was how to present this new line of premium varietals.   To use the Mammon Winery corporate name or to not, was the big debate over the labeling of the bottles (Mann and Roberts).  Ã‚   When changing the look and scope of a particular line, using the corporate company name could be detrimental to the initial successful production of wines.   Dionysus Jr.’s want to use a different name just as Canadaigua, Gallo, and Mogen David had done, was not an out of the ordinary proposal. It offers protection to the Mammon Winery Inc. from the consumers of the other line attaching the â€Å"lower class† taste to the whole company (Mann and Roberts).   Another issue is that Dionysus Jr. wanted to change the size of the wine to a pint rather than leave it in traditional wine bottle form (Mann and Roberts).   The idea was that the easier to carry bottle would be more appealing to those in the middle to low economic class.   It would make the new line of production more marketable for the pensioners on a fixed income.   Dionysus Jr. was taking the company into a new area in which it could offer a product to the average consumer even if they were not big on drinking wine. Mammon Winery, Inc. proposed to enter a new wine market for lower-end wines, which is due to the increase in unit sales in the fortified wine market. This is an attempt to enter the cheap wine market and cash in on profits that come along with it. The proposal has a target demographic of middle-to-lower class, or pensioners on a fixed income (Mann & Roberts). In order for Mammon Winery, Inc to come from the bottom of the barrel to the crà ¨me of the crop replies heavily on several key fundamentals. The winery needs to identify and analyze the important issues of how can they capitalize on producing a cost efficient product that is entered into a market that is rising, and who is their chief demographic. Mammon Winery, Inc plans to introduce a low-end wine product that is made cheaply and sold by the pint (Mann & Roberts). It is recommended that the product to be sold by the pint to lower the cost, both for the company and consumer. It is planned to use rejected grapes from Mammon’s premium selection and the filling of their unused capacity is expected. In addition, it is noted that any grape is suitable and can insulate the company from bad grape years (Mann & Roberts). Mammon chooses to use less advertising, which will cut cost, and use wine gurus to entice consumers to their product. The chief demographic is individuals on a fixed income – middle-to-low class. On the other hand, it was reported that a competitor’s lower-end product hit it big with the â€Å"yuppie† crowd of England (Mann & Roberts). The individuals with fixed incomes will find this product appealing and convenient. Mammon Winery, Inc. will sell the cheap sugary wine at eighteen percent alcohol to retailers. They indicate that the projected audience is the perpetually intoxicated and further indicated that it is against the law to sell alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated but state it is not their problem and cannot control what the retailer chooses to do (Mann & Roberts). Mammon Winery, Inc. knowingly sold their product to a target audience of â€Å"winos† and chose to take advantage of the consumer by offering a much more affordable, cheap wine. This can be easily compared to the tobacco companies choosing a target demographic of individuals of non-smoking age by making their product appealing (Mann & Roberts). For instance, both companies are holding back valuable information from the customer. Both products by both companies are addictive and can cause serious health issue, but still these companies greatly affect the target audience one way or another. This is because it pays or at least promises to pay (Sullivan 2001). A company may gain something, or may keep from losing something by selling to their target audience or unethically holding back information that may turn away consumers. However, the profit motive holds in both cases. It is noted by Mammon Winery, Inc. that profit margins would be at least ten percent higher on the lower-end product then their other lines (Mann & Roberts). Therefore, the company’s urge to branch out in the wine industry by offering a new product is nothing beyond regular business practices.   However, their intentional marketing of the product to those suffering from alcoholism or the homeless is an underhanded technique.   They run into an ethical conflict as they must now combat their marketing techniques with significant contributions to charities. These charities though, must also be chosen for a reason.   Just as the tobacco industry chooses specific charities for good-will projects, so too will Mammon Winery, Inc.   Mammon Winery, Inc. will also have to construct both a label and bottle that will effectively promote their new line.   However, the targeted audience should not be able to be determined based upon its looks.   The price will be adjusted for the targeted consumer, but beyond that, it should not be obvious in its aim.   Therefore, the expansion of Mammon Winery Inc. is within reasonable business practices but will have to carefully combat its stated aim at a particular consumer with clever charitable contributions. Works Cited Mann, Richard A. and Roberts, Barry S. â€Å"Mammon Winery, Inc.† Sullivan, Evelin. The Concise Book of Lying. 2001   

Hunting isnt murder Essay

Is hunting murder? This is something that people should think about. Many people walk around and believe that hunting is truly murder and think that they are completely right about this. However, I believe strongly that hunting is not murder and I will explain and prove why it is not murder. Murder is defined as: 1. The unlawful killing of one human by another, especially with premeditated malice. (murder,1) 2. To kill brutally or inhumanly. (murder,1) Now looking at these words in these definitions I can prove that hunting can not fall under the category of murder. Unlawful is defined as something that is illegal. (unlawful, 1) Therefore, I can make my first point on how hunting is not illegal. Yes there are times when it can be illegal if people are hunting the wrong time of year or don’t have their license. However, that is not what we are concerned about, when it comes down to it the majority of people who hunt do it legally and if they don’t then they are fined and even in some cases jailed. Next, human is defined as having or showing those positive aspects of nature and character regarded as distinguishing humans from other animals. (human, 1) No animals are not human, and yes they are living things, but they are not homo sapiens. I don’t care what people say there is no way you can prove that a deer, goose, duck, or turkey is under the category of a homo sapien. With knowing this I can also state that hunting can therefore not be considered murder by definition. Next in the definition of murder it states that murder is the killing of a human with premeditated malice. Malice is defined as a desire to harm others or to see others suffer; extreme ill will or spite. (Malice, 1) Yes, many people like myself hunt as a sport. However, many people don’t realize that we don’t do this because we like to kill and watch animals suffer, but  in fact we do this because we love nature and animals and we do not want to see them suffer. Hunting is legal as a sport, because the government knows that there are mass populations of animals that need to be made smaller in order to keep the populations strong. The Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, better known as the Pittman-Robertson Act, was passed by Congress in 1937. Pittman-Robertson placed a Federal excise tax on hunting equipment of many kinds, including guns and ammo (11 percent tax on sporting arms, ammunition, and archery equipment, and a 10 percent tax on handguns). (Category, 1) With the overwhelming support of hunters across the USA, this Act directed that money produced by this additional tax on our gear be used to provide funding for the selection, restoration, rehabilitation and improvement of wildlife habitat, wildlife management research, and the distribution of information produced by the projects. It was later amended (1970) to include funding for hunter training programs and the development, operation and maintenance of public target ranges. (Category, 1) Many hunters love and care about the animals they are hunting and do not do it in spite of the animals or to watch them suffer. The last keyword I want to talk about in the definition of murder is to kill brutally. Brutally is defined as extremely ruthless and cruel. I don’t know if people know much about starvation, but I have been taught about how painful of a disease it is to go through. Starved animals are generally emaciated, their fat stores are depleted, their body catabolizes the protein from their muscles, and leaves them in severe pain and anguish. I would have to say that I would much rather have a bullet but through my chest then I would want to have to go through the pain of starvation. As long as there are hunters, we will be able to have control over animal starvation and be able to keep it at a minimum. Many people question me when I tell them I am a hunter and like to go on about how cruel it is and wonder how I am able to kill an innocent animal. I explain that as a hunter I love animals and that is why I hunt. It is tough to convince someone when their mind is already made up, but I like to try. I hunt for many reasons. Some of which are for adventure, the feel of satisfaction of a job well done, the sense of being closer to nature and yes, for the kill. I explain that I hunt for the joy of the hunt. Also, that thousands of years ago hunters told their stories and honored their animals with pictographs. I don’t know if people often use pictographs anymore, but we do the same thing in a different way. Rather than painting on walls, we now mount animals on walls. Like our ancestors, we share the meat with our families and friends. I also know of people who take meat from animals they have hunted and donate it to people in need. Hunting is not something I do to just pass time. Hunting is a way of life for me, and I am just grateful that I am able to enjoy it. Take a look at my reasoning of why I believe hunting can not be considered murder, do you think hunting is murder? Works cited Brutally – Definition of Brutally by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Category, By. â€Å"A Discussion of Who Hunters Are and What They Do for Wildlife, Habitat, and Folks Who Don’t Even Hunt. † Hunting and Shooting. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Human – Definition of Human by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Malice – Definition of Malice by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Murder – Definition of Murder by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Unlawful – Definition of Unlawful by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.

Marketing Plan: Product and Performance Essay

Executive Summary Mobility, latest trends and technologies are three most significant factors that customer seek today when they walk-in in an electronic item’s outlet. Years before the journey of technology started out from the calculator the most basic computer as we call it. Today that technology has emerged and the most latest is PDA (Personal Digital System), full computer in a small device to perform all of the tasks. New Nokia Mobile phone has all the features of a desktop computer, no need of a laptop. The phone is easy to carry, manages schedules, and can perform all the business related tasks. The size itself has become important apart from mobility. The concept that we are launching is of a radio and music player which is latest in the sense that you can wear it as a fashion accessory. Radio is considered to be one of the most important media apart from television and internet. The major source in use during cricket matches, exercising in the morning and during traveling for work or school. 73% of college going women (18-25) years of age surveyed tune into radio, although the channel loyalty is not there. The most frequent listening occurs after dinner time. This is different from male radio listeners as the FM channels are replacing cassettes as a music source while driving, other survey shows that one of the popular source of music are the FM stations, FM 89, 91 and 106.20 are extremely popular within the target market. The major target market for our product is the age between 15 and 26. According to the statistics, 30 million Pakistanis are aged between 15 and 24. Considered in the context of total population (approx. 180 million), 16.667% of Pakistanis are young. Statistics shows that 60% of population is under 25 that is 2/3rd and nearly 10 million are in the urban areas. GEN X and GEN Y is the most experienced  and accessed generation in the human history. This generation is the technologically accessorized generation, with everything hanging from their clothes, from cell phones to CD players, and computers are a way of life. This is a branded generation, brand names, association with the great life and other symbols are important. The emerging concept of brand association amongst teens and adults, and awareness will make our product more appealing to the customers. Our Primary objective is to achieve get our product recognized and make the consumers to get performance of the product way better than their expectations. Our Secondary objective is to make good profits and make more products like this with working hand in hand with the fashion and our way would be walking from earrings to necklaces, bracelets and other fashion accessories. Marketing Research Methods of Data collection: Basically there are two methods of data collection: 1) Primary Data 2) Secondary Data Primary Data Collection: Primary Data is that data which is collected specifically for the project at hand. The primary data for our assignment resulted from the unstructured interviews that we conducted from different friends and family members and also many strangers. Secondary Data Collection: Secondary Data is that data, which has already been collected for some other purpose but can be used as reference material. The secondary data for our assignment came from the internet, newspapers and magazines. Current Market Situation: The current market situation is that from the cheapest of phones to the most expensive, every smart phone has at least a radio in it that works from earphones that do the job of an antenna or the smart phones carry wireless radio connectivity. Other than that most phones have music players. In such a market where mobile phones are treated as a necessity from quite a long while we’d enter with a product that has a lot of internal memory, long batter and works hand in hand with the fashion. In other words, the market we are making is new where fashion and technology work together but a relatively alike market of mobile phones has a situation that cares more about apps and memory than on radio and/or music player. So, we are going to come in with focus on music players and radios that would even make consumers look different by the fashion of earring they’d carry. A new market but has links with the standing strong market of mobile phones. The Product Introduction of product: Now days, mobility is becoming an important factor in electronic devices. The concept that we are launching is of an earring radio and music player which is latest in the sense that you can wear it as a fashion accessory. We are  launching it under the brand name LAPCA. Radio is considered to be one of the most important media apart from television and internet. The major source in use during cricket matches, exercising in the morning and during traveling for work or school. Technical and Functional Aspect of the Product: This product would be an earpiece connected to a player that would be smaller than a phone. Both the devices would be connected via Bluetooth. Their range of connectivity would vary to more than 20 square meter so the consumer doesn’t need to keep the device near and playlist functions would increase the ability of product to play songs as per the mood of the consumer. Reason of using earrings with the wireless earpiece is to make the product easier for people to wear and increase the range of our target market. People would not need to get their ears pierced to wear earrings and we bring music player and radio attached to such a small earpiece that would not be noticed much (like the other offerings of attached Bluetooth earphones that appear too large). Objectives and issues: Increase the profits by at least 10% in the first year of the launch. Issue: How to increase the awareness amongst customers about this product? To create 10% market share for the product and to work to improve it further. Issue: What measure to take to identify the potential customers of the product in the market? To identify 5 potential outlets where to place the product initially. Issue: How to identify the potential outlets? Mission statement: â€Å"We are the followers of the latest trend we strongly believe that fashion develops, we provide the best and quality is never compromised. Technological flexibility and innovation are the key factors that we emphasize on while shaping a solution for our customers.† Vision statement: â€Å"Innovation† Our product Oriented Definition: â€Å"We manufacture earrings radio with music player† Our Market Oriented Definition: â€Å"To the trendy and tetchy, Moby X is the radio and music player that provides mobility and a perfect blend of fashion and technology that makes you feels different and latest than others.† Target Market Moby X will form a major share of its market amongst those people who are attracted towards the product with exclusive appearance, unique functionality, style and design. We will market our product through multiple segment strategy, as we are be targeting GEN X and GEN Y belonging to upper class and upper middle class of our society. Through multiple marketing, Moby X can achieve market position as because it is a product which provides mobility, style and fulfills the needs of the consumers. Moby X is a part of the most reliable and trusted technologies belonging to LAPCO which is using Japanese latest technology in it which would further strengthens the reputation it would acquire. Now days, there is a growing trend of adopting the inimitable style which people will definitely feel after purchasing the product. The mini chip radio and music player in the earrings itself is fascinating and will communicate on its own towards the people who are engrossed through mini products. Positioning †¢Product Positioning: Moby X would provide higher frequency range compared to other radios available in the market, will have a long lasting battery and the most important advantage that our product provides is the mix of fashion and technology that forms our distinctive attribute. Value Proposition: Moby X is a better quality product providing distinctive feature and being a leader makes it more special and different from other competing products.  LAPCO using latest Japanese technologies is most reliable and durable. Market Positioning: Moby X has been positioned in the customers mind as a part of their lifestyle it impeccable suited their personality. It has positioned on the following grounds: Made for you exclusively Lifestyle and technology Earrings with variety of colors and design Fine-looking wrapping and easy to carry Statement: â€Å"Enjoy with Style† †¢ Characteristics affecting Adoption: †¢ Relative Advantage: The first of its kind is being introduced in the market; the concept itself will attract the customer. †¢ Compatibility: Moby X higher range of frequency will make it easier to add channel and thus more value to the product. Secondly, memory of 20GB to carry your songs and making of playlists. †¢ Complexity: Moby X is easy to use and the demo CD provided with the product provides the proper guide and features to use the product. †¢ Divisibility: Moby X is an expensive product and initially no discounted rates can be offered. †¢ Communicability: The experience that customers take with them will make its use and difference spread amongst customers. Market Analysis Basis of Segmentation Demographic segmentation: Demographics refer to the characteristics of population including such factors as size, distribution and growth, because people constitute market, demographics are of special interest to market executives. Age: Our product caters to women ranging from age 15-26 yrs old. Moreover, through our advertisements we have portrayed an active woman who is working out or busy in kitchen chores. Occupation: Moby X targets women belonging to each and every type of occupation whether it is a housewife, student and working women. Income: Our product Moby X caters to upper class and upper middle class. Any one lying in the income bracket of Rs 50,000+ can afford this product Psychographic Segmentation: The psychographics of the Moby X can be analyzed by reviewing the advertisement. The lifestyle shown in Moby X advertisements portray successful, sophisticated, professional women who are active energetic and full of life. Behavioral Segmentation: Under this aspect LAPCO Company has based their segmentation on the basis of customer desired benefits. People would prefer buying our product because it’s the first ever product to be launched by LAPCO with radio and music player facility which is easy to use, and more over its attractive mix of not only radio and music player but also as a fashion accessory. SWOT Analysis Strengthens Being first of its kind to be launched in the market The smaller size The mobility The attractive package and demo included in the gadget The exquisite location of electronic gadget’s outlets in different malls Easy to use In accordance with the latest fashion Attractive mix of radio and music player hand in hand as a fashion accessory Japanese technology, one of the most reliable manufactures Weakness Limited warranty Requires proper maintenance Batteries are to be charged according to usage level thus requires cost to keep the gadget working Opportunities The customers are fond of accessories which can help extend our accessories from earrings to rings, bracelets and necklace Hearing radio can replace the care tapes as being mobile and fashionable in nature Being a new product creating a new market the competition is minimized to a great extent The distinctive attributes will outweigh the element of high price The opening of the new malls throughout the country with better electronic outlets will provide a better location to display the gadget There is an opportunity for line extension New technology is in its growing stage which helps attract customers with its distinctive attributes The interests of teenagers in acquiring latest technology will further increase the market share Computer system placed at the electronic outlets could help provide free demos of the product at the outlet A survey at the outlet about the buying experience of the product and after sale experience can help make the product more effective and increased customer satisfaction The smaller size and mobility if appreciated could provide line extension for the product Threats The electronic market is still under developed in Pakistan The fluctuating electronic and political conditions of the country can hinder the sale of the product Less awareness amongst the public about the electronic items The training of sales person for the product Competitors can come up with a similar and better product before our product is established The higher price of the product could lead to duplicate products in the market The health conscious people could resist the product The fashion conscious people may not take the initiative to buy the product The analytical buyer Marketing Environments (PEST ANALYSIS) Political: The fluctuating political environment in the country can be dangerous. Since the product being developed is manufactured in another country the support of the government is required to keep the government conditions in import and export stable and to strengthen relationships with the other country to grow the business further. Economical: The product that is being launched is an expensive product the economic conditions will determine the national income or the buying power of the consumer which indirectly will determine whether the people would be willing on the products that are not part of their basic needs. Social: Since the product is an earring radio and music player which would be fixed in an earring placed quite close to the ear can be considered as dangerous for the ear. Proper awareness about the product and the setting of the frequencies accordingly so not to affect the ear would have to be justified to the people. Technological: Pakistan is developing technologically and further awareness and development will assist in improving the product’s functionality. Competitor Assessment COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Moby X is competing in portable media industry. Major Competitors: Our major competitors are all those manufacturers who are specialized in and dealing with microelectronic items, who believe in size and design of product with quality. Moby X direct competitors are small radios (ear piece) and mp3 players that can fit in ear easily. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE Moby X is not just a FM radio with music player but it is also a blend of fashion and technology. Long lasting Japanese battery gives it an edge over other mini radios and music players that have maximum life of 2-48 hours on continuous use. Providing maximum FM band range from 87-108 MHz among its competitors who offer mini radios with FM band 88-108 MHz Furthermore, adding value to the music player with 20GB built-in memory which wouldn’t look small for at least 10-15 years from now. COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES Differentiation: Moby X is an innovation in the arena of radios and all kinds of music players. It gives connectivity to the outside world in a way that adds value and beauty to the face. Focus: Moby X is designed especially for upper middle class and upper class urban population including GEN X AND GEN Y, fashion followers and trend setters. COMPETITIVE POSITION Multiple Markets: We are following the multiple market strategy for Moby X by focusing more towards the upper class and upper middle class of the society. Channel and logistic A value delivery network is made up of the company, suppliers, distributors and ultimately customers. Here will be a layer of intermediaries that will perform work in bringing our product and its ownership closer to the final buyer. For our earring radio and music player we will have both a direct and indirect marketing channel. We will have a customer marketing channel. Since our product is new we need to do personal selling and convince consumers to buy our product. Then eventually as we gain a foot hold in the market we will have retailers selling our product. Marketing Strategy MARKETING MIX PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION: Moby X is broadly classified as consumer product and under this category we define it as a specialty product because it is a perfect mix of style and technology. It involves strong brand preference and loyalty, special purchase efforts by consumers, little comparison of brands and low price sensitivity. LEVELS OF PRODUCT Core Product Moby X provides a solution to its users that connect them to the global world and at the same time add value to their beauty. It is smallest in size but greater in quality and style that’s what the consumers want. Actual Product Moby X, an earring radio and a music player. Augmented Product Customers are provided with the free demos of the product on computer system installed at the outlets and for further understanding, instruction booklet is also provided with Moby X. It includes 3 years’ money back warranty and a pair of fabulous earrings along with the product. Customers are encouraged to share their views about the buying experience of the product and after sale experience through surveys conducted at the outlets. An exclusive website is designed to cater its customers for solving all  their queries regarding the product. Online purchasing service is also available. PRODUCT COMPOSITION Product Quality: Moby X works great, everywhere in the world, under brand name LAPCO using Japanese microchip technology and providing the FM band from 87 to 108 MHz’s Stereo-sound is really excellent plus 3-years money back warranty is also given. Product Features: Push-button Auto Seek Microchip Technology so you can immediately and perfectly tune in stations (Automatic FM Tuning). Provides high quality stereo sound. Long last Japanese battery included. 3 years (Limited) Warranty. Size – (1/3x 1/3 x 3/8) mm is the size of radio chip. 30 x 20 x 5 mm is the size of the earring. Weight – 1/2 oz is the weight of the earring radio. Ideal for use in parties, sports, travels, hiking, working, Jogging, bike riding, boating, fishing, picnics, reading, camping, skate boarding, gift giving, foot and vehicle surveillance, to pass the time while waiting for subject, anywhere, everywhere, in the form of earring as simple microchip (radio). A music player memory of 20GB built-in. Product Style and Design: It comes in many splendid colors with different style for female. It is designed in a way so as to increase portability. BRANDING Brand Equity: Moby X will establish it with the passage of time because of its good quality and better understanding of customer needs. Brand Name Selection: Moby X is selected as the brand name because it defines the mobility and easy to carry feature of the product and X signifies the extra factor that we  provide to our customers in the form of earrings (fashion accessory). Brand Sponsorship: LAPCO is manufacturer’s brand. Brand Development: No extension. Packaging: Moby X comes in a square and heart shaped gift box. Labeling: All the important information is mentioned on the label. The label contains the name of the product, name of the manufacturer and distributors, warranty limit, warnings, guidelines on usage. Product Support: A booklet on guidelines regarding the product is provided with Moby X. Free demo CD is also given. Product Mix: Initially Moby X is introduced in the form of earring but with the passage of time it will offer in other versions also like in the form of bracelets, rings, and lockets. Product Life Cycle: Our product is at the introductory stage of product life cycle stage. PRICE Marketing Objectives: â€Å"To create a market share and to stand out as distinct product amongst the other competitors† Marketing Mix Strategy: The price has been decided based on the competitors and customer needs and requirements. The price is aligned with other marketing mix covering the promotion, placement and product. Cost: The organization has tried to achieve economies of scale but not the cost of quality. The cost is being monitored and is kept to a minimum by choosing the best deals given by the supplier and managing the cost accordingly. Organizational Considerations: The price set has been influenced by different functions of the organization including the finance, manufacturer, sales and marketing and the higher  management. PRODUCT PRICING STRATEGY Comparing competitor’s pricing CompetitorPrice Sinclair XI Button RadioRs. 2304.93 FM Mini Radios Rs.719.44 ZI AM Radio Rs. 8405 Tiny FM Radios (China Toy Factory Inc)Rs.1200 Mini Mp3sRs. 1500 (starting from) Competition Based Pricing: We are following the growing rate pricing according to which we fix our price after considering all the factors as to Rs. 3500. PLACEMENT The product would be sold through â€Å"Indirect Marketing Intermediary†. The product will be sold through push strategy that is product would be first distributed to the wholesalers and then to retailer. The retailers would assist in creating contact with the other retailers which would expand the network and add value. PROMOTION Moby X being a new product in the market would require intensive advertising. The positioning and the idea behind the brand selection would be used as a basis for advertisements and the advertisements would be informative. ADVERTISING Radio: Radio FM channels would be able to attract the major cream who could use our product and create a positive word of mouth for others. Since they being the regular radio listeners would be excited to use this product as they could carry the radio with them. Newspaper: Moby X is an expensive and new product. There is need to create awareness amongst people that such a product exists. ‘Dawn’ newspaper would be a better choice to advertise being one for the most popular newspapers in Pakistan. A full page would be dedicated to advertise the product providing  a detail know how of the features and distinctive attributes. Apart from ‘Dawn’ the other newspaper that the product would be advertised in are ‘The News’ and ‘Daily Times’. Magazines: Moby X being a technology product it would be advertised in magazines as ‘SHE’ a leading magazine. Another magazine that is famous amongst out major target segment the teens is ‘Young Times’. It is Dubai based magazine is especially for kids. Since it is a fashion product also magazines like SHE, STYLE, SYNERGYZER and MAG would also be used to advertise the product. Billboards: The locations where we have decided to place our advertisements are all the upper class areas in the populated cities of Pakistan. For instance the major areas identified all the other malls where luxury electronic item’s outlets are available advertising would be done by placing billboards. In Karachi, at Teen Talwar, Boat Basin, Shahrah – e – Faisal and other markets like Tariq road, Saddar Mobile mall and the road that leads to Jinnah International Airport. Television: The few major channels as HUM TV and GEO TV will be given the task to advertise the product. Websites: Msn.com/Click on line a website providing information regarding new technologies, funmaza.com a famous website viewed by most of the Pakistanis and Apniisp.com that offers all the latest songs. Sales Promotion: One free pair of earring apart from the one already provided in the package would be given with the product. Public relations: Brochures providing details of the safety of using the product would be distributed in public places. Articles about the working and flexibility in use would be published in a leading magazine to inform the public about the safety in using this product. Action Programs July: We will launch a sales promotion campaign in Karachi city which should be estimated at around RS. 2 Million. During this period our aim is to make the consumers aware of the product through excessive adverts it is  essential for us to educate our dealers and consumers properly. Our main awareness campaigns will be concentrated toward the television and internet it will fix in a relatively low and economical budget. August: Increase our relative market share and launch our product in other major cities of Pakistan i.e. Lahore, Islamabad. September: We will start an integrated internet campaign targeting young college students. The campaign will show the functions of Mob X. This campaign will be supported by online ads. October: We will hold a trade sales contest offering bonus to retailers who sells the most Moby X during one month period. November: We will be launching our online store that will enable us to make direct sale with customer. Anyone can place an order via email and we will deliver the product at the given address and payment on delivery. Furthermore, customization over earring designs would be launched. December: We will look forward to enter the international market and depending on the situation we face at that time we will alter our marketing strategies. Implementation and Control Plan Goals: After the launch we will look out the awareness and recognition of Moby X among the target customer. The targeted sales, profits, availability and elevated market share are also major parts contributing towards achieving our goals. Performance: Measure the performance and activities of the outlets, their interactions with our target customers. We will measure the performance by setting different tests after the first launch of Moby X. Tests will be encompassed of surveys, personal interviews, focus groups and via e-mails. Evaluation: The results of the surveys, mails and others will be then synchronized for the evaluations. Evaluation is conducted to identify the gap between the expected and actual performance. Corrective Actions: This is the last control which is set and applied if there is a difference amongst the expected and actual performance Moby X and we then otherwise will take the corrective actions to close the gap. Contingency Plan We have launched this earring radio and music player under the brand name LAPCO so value and prestige is associated with this product. We have used the latest Japanese Technology in our product through which frequency and signal of radio can be cached easily. But the problem can occur in our product is that at some places user might not find tune into radio and their might be some problem in signal catching. To combat with this problem, we have used the latest Japanese technology as stated before and will use more advanced technology in our product in future in order to satisfy our customers and provide them with a delight of getting to hear news and be updated in an area where most signals don’t even work.

Managing Global Hospitality Issues, Hospitality Management Essay

Managing Global Hospitality Issues, Hospitality Management - Essay Example This report stresses that strategic HRM suggests that human resource management practices of Thistle Euston are most effective when coordinated with strategic goals of organisations. Moreover the main proposes that ready linkage among the business strategy and the policy towards employees are key, in spirit they fit HRM with the strategic objectives of the Thistle Euston. The aim of strategic HRM is to ensure that the culture, styles and structure of the Thistle Euston and the quality and commitment of its employees contribute fully to the business objectives. This paper makes a conclusion that the development of various technologies over the last decade has had a significant effect on the way Thistle Euston hotels are booked, as well as the facilities that are provided within hotels, such as broadband Internet and digital TV. According to the Mintel Report, internet penetration appears to be far from slowing, reaching 57% of the UK population in April 2004, with broadband and interactive digital TV having both reached 19%. Many of the larger hotel groups are thus investing heavily in their online booking systems as well as providing Internet access within their hotels. Thus, customers have the opportunity to retain their home-from-home comforts, or in the case of business guests, office-from-office facilities and amenities. While hoteliers have held occupancy relatively steady during the downturn by cutting rates in the past, the recently strengthening demand indicates that rates can now be raised.

Monetary economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Monetary economics - Essay Example flow of capital can be supported with the example of Argentina which has experienced the floating exchange rate in the economy and the volatility and the evolution of the exchange rate which was not affected severely due to the international crisis in spite of the rise or the increase in the exchange rate. The arguments in favour and against the topic can be highlighted with the help of the statement that emphasizes that floating exchange rate is effective in implementing the monetary policy and ineffective or inefficient in implementing the fiscal policy whereas in case of the fixed exchange rate it is effective in implementing the fiscal policy and it is unable or incapable for formulating the monetary policy. In order to derive at the conclusion in ascertaining whether the floating rate has been able to control the inflow and outflow of cash it is required to consider various factors which includes the inflation rate, the credibility of the policy makers, the flexibility in the labour market, the size and the openness in the economy, maintaining of capital mobility and the extent of financial development. The main aim or the objective of floating exchange rate in controlling the inflow and the outflow of capital is reducing the volatility in the exchange rate and also maintaining the monetary stability in the economy (Arnold, 2008). The floating exchange rate generally considers the economic and financial structure and policies in the economy and the intervention of the central bank in the foreign exchange market either dealing in the spot market or dealing in the forward market for developing the regulation and reserves of the capital inflow and capital outflow. The floating exchange rate focuses on increasing the capital inflow and mitigating the excessive capital outflow. The balance of payment is considered as an important instrument for controlling and dealing with the related inflow and outflow of capital in the economy. Balance of payment is

Burning Man outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Burning Man outline - Essay Example ve such a large number of individuals across the world spending so much of their efforts and their time to construct something that will only last a few weeks? Why would the same people spend a junk of their resources on things that do not have any monetary gains? What compelling force was behind the formation of the Burning man and what powers make it possible to spread as fast as it did soon after its foundation? The last question is what importance does the festival of burning man have on our lives? The answers to such issues relate to the creativity of the founders of the movement, who developed an idea that replicated and extended on itself to form one of the strongest movements. As such, the founders of the ceremony talk of the importance of the ceremony on the sensitization of humans on the need for identity. The body of this work will discuss a number of implications of the ceremony of burning man on the lives of people. For instance, there will be a demonstration of how the whole idea of the ceremony developed in relation to propaganda. As such, the work will describe the usefulness of idea novelty in the manipulation of the minds of individuals. There are those people who participate in the without understanding the needfulness of the same. Essentially, the creative extremities that the ceremony holds are a result of its differentiating ethos (Johnson 20). The ceremony could be one that satisfies the truthfulness of the quotation that what matters to the lives of people Is not what happens to them, but what they remember as well as how they remember it. What people do in life in relation to the burning man ceremony is, therefore, an emphasis on the usefulness of propaganda in the development of life-binding ideologies. The movement is now among those that inspires people across the world on the need for identity and personality. McRae, Kateri, et al. "Context-Dependent Emotion Regulation: Suppression and Reappraisal at the Burning Man Festival."Â  Basic

NUTRproject 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

NUTRproject 3 - Assignment Example Make this personal (as opposed to simply providing a book answer). Will you experience the consequence(s) of this behavior anytime soon, or do you not truly see this as a threat to your well-being in the next 5 years? 2. Using your knowledge of nutrition, list 3 advantages of the target behavior you selected. Again, please don’t just provide a book answer. What might changing this behavior provide to you today as opposed to 10 years from now? Is that worth the perceived â€Å"sacrifice† of changing whatever it is you’re currently doing? Why or why not? I am in this stage: ___________ Preparation: Description of target behavior doesn’t match my current behavior patterns, but I am motivated and confident that I can change them to be more like it in the next 30 days. 7. Start to recognize any successes you have had in practicing this behavior, no matter how small. Look over the records you kept and/or assessments you completed. When were you successful in following the desired behavior even a little? Why do you think you were successful? The times when there was a lot of activities during the day, that I missed the time for doing the exercises. I consider that introducing breaks of 30 minutes between the activities to involved in brisk walking or any other indoor physical activity can be helpful in adopting my target behavior 9. Increasing your knowledge of the advantages of practicing this behavior and/or the disadvantages of failing to do so can help motivate you for change. Using what you have learned in class so far, and/or other resources as needed, write a paragraph describing how you will benefit from making your target behavior a part of your lifestyle. If you need help finding a resource to help you, contact your instructor. Making the target behavior part of my lifestyle will help me in reconciling with my body, thereby promoting maintenance of my body composition. Healthy body composition is

General Information about Spain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

General Information about Spain - Research Paper Example Civil War erupted in 1936 and Franco ascended to power in 1939 who followed a pro-Axis policy during the Second World War. Spain was isolated by the Allies after WWII and finally signed Mutual Defense Treaty with the United States September 26, 1953, and joined the UN in 1955. In November 1975, Franco died and was replaced by his heir Prince Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon who assumed the title of king and chief of state. He replaced Franco’s Prime Minister with Adolfo Suarez in July 1976 who held an election on June 15, 1977 (the last election was in 1936) and instituted the democratic constitution (Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, 2011) Spain has an area of 504,750 sq. km. (194,884 sq. mi.), which includes the Balearic and Canary Islands. Its capital is Madrid with a population of 3.3 million people. It's lands composed of high plateaus, lowlands, and mountainous regions. The form of government is Constitutional Monarchy with Juan Carlos I proclaimed as King on November 22, 1975. The President of the Executive branch is nominated by the kind subject to the approval of Congress. The Legislative branch has a bicameral Cortes: â€Å"a 350-seat Congress of Deputies (elected by the Dhondt system of proportional representation) and a Senate. Four senators are elected in each of 47 peninsular provinces, 16 are elected from the three island provinces, and Ceuta and Melilla elect two each; this accounts for 208 senators. The parliaments of the 17 autonomous regions also elect one senator as well as one additional senator for every 1 million inhabitants within their territory (about 20 senators).  Judicial--Constitutional Tribunal has jurisdiction over constitutional issues. Supreme Tribunal heads system comprising territorial, provincial, regional, and municipal courts† (Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, 2011).  Ã‚  

Women in leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Women in leadership - Essay Example They have understood their voices in a better manner than the male fraternity. Women in leadership have instilled confidence within the people for which they are leaders in the first place. Leadership is all about influencing other people in the organization to accomplish a task. It involves directing an organization in that it becomes more coherent and cohesive. Leadership style can therefore be defined as the approach for providing direction. It includes motivation within its reigns as well. There are various leadership styles that exist in management. They include authoritarian or autocratic, participative or democratic, delegative or free reign leadership. Lately business offices have been filled by women who were reckoned by the authorities as being less efficient as compared to their male counterparts a few years back. This has changed for the better and more and more companies in the world of today are recruiting female candidates for suitable positions within their staff. Apart from this positive change in mindset of the companies and businesses, there have been some pretty negative points attached to the same notion moreover. Women have started to get recruite d in big numbers and one should believe that this is a major aspect that must be appreciated endlessly. More so, the women have been appointed as leaders within the business enterprises and have been given leadership roles which were not acceptable in the past. Responsibility has made them stronger and their decisions have been different to the ones made by men. (Atkinson, 1997) Companies must encourage women to assume leadership roles so that there could be better interaction within the internal publics of the organization and people collaborate with each other as well as bolster the selection of deserving (on merit-basis) women. It would make all of them in their own peculiar areas of output to give their very best and eventually produce the required results

How History Influenced the Emergence And Development of International Essay

How History Influenced the Emergence And Development of International Organizations - Essay Example This essay stresses that there are many international organizations, which are operating as state members or independently making them have diverse function. Every organization has a purpose and mandate, which it seeks to fulfill. Similarly, there are factors that contributed to their formations, which it considers as a primary goal. Therefore, the subsequent section will highlights different international organizations and indicate ways history influenced their formation as well as their function and development over the years. Since the inception of the organization years back, it has succeeded in developing member states and offering new admission to other nations. This report makes a conclusion that international organizations were for different purposes in different times of the century. Some were formed because of joint efforts between various governments or states as other were formed for humanitarian purposes. Despite their differences in formation, most of the international organizations were formed to bring normalcy after WW II. UN is one of the active international organizations formed to ensure peace prevails in the world and to prevent the occurrence of another world war. Since its inception, no major has taken place making it successful in its mission. Similarly, ICRC is committed in ensuring all victims of war including soldiers and civilians receive a medical care, which ensures their wellbeing. They have proved successful in offering medical attention to most vulnerable in war torn areas.

Mange People's Performance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Mange People's Performance - Assignment Example Some of the people needed for consultation within the business environs include other office administrators, the Human Resources department, the finance department, as well as the immediate junior officers of the administrator operating under his or her administrative span of control. As for the case of stakeholders outside the business, it is imperative to consider the direct business partners and associates of the administrator, considering his or her role and position within the company. This consultation is necessary just in case the administrator assistant fails to meet the much-needed professionalism and work performance ethics as expected from the office he or she is serving. Basing on this line of information, the job is well understood and proper work allocation is derived in a cost-effective way that also ensures efficiency and effectiveness. In order to have an effective and efficient office administrator, it is imperative to take the person through a series of training in order to improve his or her skills. The following guidelines explore the different steps that the training process will take, and last. As for the case of an office administrator, the training process will take six consecutive weeks. The contents of training that these position covers includes the computer systems in place for use, the telephone systems and its applicability, the organization’s policies and procedures in relation to telephone use and the needs of the office of the administrator. In developing training process and the contents, two major items need considering. These include the task analysis aspects and the design and development process.

Acme Fireworks Prospectus Essay Example for Free

Acme Fireworks Prospectus Essay Acme Fireworks is a fireworks retailer that sells fireworks, puts on ground display fireworks, and large aerial displays fireworks. Acme Fireworks has been a sole proprietorship since it began two years ago. At this time the owner is receiving inquiries as to Acme Fireworks ability to create fireworks displays on a regular basis. CITATION Rog12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012). In anticipation of increased business, the owner of Acme Fireworks is in need of some information. This prospectus is going to inform the owner as to: Whether or not the business will be governed by common law or the Uniform Commercial Code. Analyze whether or not the owner has any actual contracts. Explain the potential personal liability to Acme Fireworks is someone is injured by a stray firework. Discuss different employment types while discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each type as it applies to Acme Fireworks. And finally, give suggestions as to why Acme Fireworks should no longer be a sole proprietorship. When it comes to contracts, it is important to understand that there are two different bodies of law that come into play, the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) and the common law of contracts. The difference between the UCC and the common law contract can make a huge difference in the outcome of a contract dispute. This could be the difference between being able to collect punitive damages, discharge or modify a contract, be able to sue under breach of contract, and whether or not there truly a legally recognizable contract after all CITATION Gun12 \l 1033 (Denton, 2012). It is important to understand the type of contract governed by each body of law. The UCC applies to the sale of goods and securities, and common law of contracts applies to contracts for services, real estate, insurance, intangible assets, and employment CITATION Gun12 \l 1033 (Denton, 2012). If the contract should happen to be for both  the sale of goods and for securities, the dominant element would be in control of the contract CITATION Gun12 \l 1033 (Denton, 2012). Should Acme Fireworks have contracts with the inquiring businesses, these contracts would be governed under UCC rule. The contracts would be for both goods and services with goods being the dominant factor of the contracts. There would be more fireworks than there would be personnel. Hence, this would be the reasoning for a UCC contract. In order for the owner to have valid contracts with inquiring businesses there are five elements that must be present in order for the contracts to be valid. First there must be an offer. An offer is an invitation for another to enter into a contract CITATION Rog 12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012).Then there is the need for acceptance. Acceptance is the acquiescence to enter into a contract CITATION Rog12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012). Then there is consideration. Consideration is anything of legal value that is asked for and received as the price for entering into a contract CITATION Rog12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012). Now there is legality. Legality is the extent to which the contract is legal and not against public policy CITATION Rog12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012). Finally, there is capacity. Capacity is the mental competency to enter into a contract CITATION Rog12 \l 1033 (Rogers, 2012). Considering Acme Firework’s new â€Å"contracts†; Was there an offer? No, there was not an offer. The businesses were making inquiries, asking questions trying to find out what Acme Fireworks could handle. Was the acceptance? No, there was no acceptance. There were no contracts offered, therefore nothing to accept. Was there consideration? No, there was no consideration. Pricing of the firework displays was talked about, but that w as just information given to answer question f the inquiry. Is there legality? Yes, when the contracts are made they will be legal as they will not be against public policy. Is there capacity? Yes, there is capacity. It is safe to assume that the owner of Acme Fireworks and the owners of the other businesses are of sound mind and body therefore able to enter into legally binding contracts. So, did the owner have enforceable contracts? No, he did not. While there was legality and capacity; there was no offer, acceptance, or consideration present. Fireworks displays are beautiful and exciting, but they are also very dangerous. The operator of a fireworks display has a duty to fireworks are done in a safe way that does not injure spectators CITATION All13 \l 1033  (Business, 2013). To successfully sue a promoter of a firework display, it must be shown that the promoter failed to keep spectators at a reasonable safe distance CITATION All13 \l 1033 (Business, 2013). In order to sue the operator of a firework display it must be shown that the spectator was injured by the discharge of a fireworks or firework that did not explode properly CITATION All13 \l 1033 (Business, 2013). Should an injury occur negligence by the operator is presumed, as the operator is in sole control of firing the fireworks. Essentially, Acme Fireworks is going to want any such liabilities to be the responsibility of the company and not result in personal liability. Being a sole proprietorship Acme Fireworks will be liable for all debts and claims against the business. A lawsuit of this type could be financially devastating. However, should Acme Fireworks take the time and effort to incorporate or to form a Limited Liability Company they would more than likely be protected to a significant degree from such personal injury CITATION All13 \l 1033 (Business, 2013) Should these contracts come into being, Acme Fireworks will need to hire more employees. But which type of employee should Acme Fireworks employ? The full-time employee works regular and on-going, between 35-45 hours a week, which includes non-wage entitlements and benefits like paid holiday leave, sick leave, and long service leave CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014). Part-time permanent work is regular and on-going, involves fewer hours than full-time and usually has set days or set hours. No benefits and entitlements are received by part-time employees. Casual work is on-going and involves irregular hours and hourly pay. Casual workers work on an as needed basis, which means that they work when they are needed CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014). There are no entitlements for casual workers since the entitlements are factored into 20% of the higher hourly rate that casual workers receive CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014). Casuals usually receive hourly rates of pay based on a minimum 15% loading of normal or applicable hourly rates of pay CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014). Fixed term or contract employees are hired for a fixed period of time for a specific project or to replace an employee on sick leave or paternal leave CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014). This type of employee would need an agreement in writing that sets out the length of the employment contract. Fixed term employees are entitled to the same annual personal and other leave as  full-time employees, but on a proportional basis for the period of their employment CITATION ASU14 \l 1033 (ASU, 2014) Piecework and commission only payment employees rather than being paid a wage or salary are paid by: Piecework – the paying f a specific amount for completing a specific task. Commission – the paying of a percentage for each sale made Retainer plus commission – the paying of a fixed amount plus commission. Should Acme Fi reworks decide to hire more employees, my suggestion would be to hire casual workers. Casual workers do not expect to work all the time they work when they are needed. They would not have to give them any entitlements just work. Should Acme Fireworks become so busy that they are working everyday then they might want to get some full time workers. But, as of right now go with the casual workers. Acme Fireworks has been a sole proprietorship since it began two years ago. As a sole proprietorship all liabilities for finances and operations are on the owner. The owner’s personal property is tied to the business, so the owner assumes a risk against his personal property should the business experience financial hardship. Profits and losses of the business are reported through the owner and are taxed at the individual rate. The sole proprietorship entity is the easiest entity to set up, but the owner will probably have to sell the business to retrieve his investment. Should Acme Fireworks become a partnership? A partnership has two or more owners that share equal control, unless the partnership agreement says otherwise or the entity is set up as a limited partnership CITATION Phi14 \l 1033 (Phillips, 2014). Like a sole partnership, profits and losses of the business flow through the partners and are taxed at the individual rate. Operating partners assume risks, both legally and financially. Creditors can attempt to collect debts from the partner’s personal assets CITATION Phi14 \l 1033 (Phillips, 2014). To recoup their investment the partner is required to sell his interest in the business. With the potential for devastatingly high personal injury claims, this entity would not be the one for Acme Fireworks. This entity jeopardizes the personal assets of the businesses owners. A corporation? A corporation can have an unlimited number of owners, known as shareholders. This business entity remains separate from the owners in legal and financial matters CITATION Phi14 \l 1033 (Phillips, 2014). The profits and losses of a corporation are taxed at corporate rates, not individual rates. Should the  corporation realize a profit it is paid out to the shareholders who then report it as income and pay taxes on it at an individual rate CITATION Phi14 \l 1033 (Phillips, 2014). Corporations are taxed twice, once at the time of profits and losses and then again when the shareholders realize the dividends. Or a limited liability company? This entity is a partnership and a corporation mixed together. Owners are protected from personal liability like a corporation, but enjoy the tax advantages similar to a partnership. The LLC would be the entity I would suggest for Acme Fireworks due to the ability to be free from personal liability and the ability to be taxed at the lower partnership rate. References: BIBLIOGRAPHY \l 1033 ASU. (2014). Employment Type Defin itions Eligibility Summary. Retrieved from ASU: http://www.asu.edu Business, A. (2013, July 13). Fireworks Displays. Retrieved from Avoiding Personal Liability: http://www.allbusiness.com Denton, G. . (2012). Thwe difference between a contract that falls undert the UCC and one that does not and why it is important to you. Retrieved from Gunderson Denton at Law: http://www.gundersondenton.com/business/difference-contract-falls-ucc-important Phillips, C. (2014). Three Types of Business Entity. Retrieved from Small Business: http://www.smallbusiness.chron.com Rogers, S. (2012). Essentials of Bussiness Law. San Diego: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

The Harmful Effects Of Coal Mining Environmental Sciences Essay

The Harmful Effects Of Coal Mining Environmental Sciences Essay Coal mining particularly surface mining requires large areas of land to be temporary disturbed. It causes and number of harmful effects. This raises environmental and human challenges, including, the impact of its activities on the neighboring community, impacts on biodiversity, water and air pollution. Trees, plants, and topsoil are cleared from coal mining areas, destroying forests and wildlife habitat, encouraging soil erosion and floods, and stirring up dust pollution that can cause respiratory problems in local communities. Underground mining, including an intensive method known as long wall mining, leaves behind empty underground spaces which can collapse and cause the land above to sink. Known as subsidence, this process can cause serious structural damage to homes, buildings, and roads when the land collapses beneath them. This destructive mining method destroys habitat, eliminates forests, and damages local property. The government estimates that if this mining continues unabated Appalachia it will destroy 1.4 million acres of land by 2020. Coal mining and coal preparation both stir up small dust and coal particles, which combine with other chemicals in the air and can cause serious and potentially fatal respiratory problems like black lung. About 75 percent of all local shipments in the U.S. are made via railroads, which are one of the nations largest sources of soot and smog pollution. Both soot and Fig. 1. A cartoon shows the environmental effects of coal mining (Joel Pett). smog can cause health problems, including respiratory problems and increased risk of asthma attacks. Coal-laden railcars and trucks also cause soot pollution when coal dust blows off into the surrounding air. Coal mining releases about 26 percent of all energy-related methane emissions in the U.S. each year. Methane is a global warning gas more than 20 times as potent as carbon dioxide, and is released from surrounding rocks when coal is mined, as well as during coal preparation and transportation. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, methane has a global warming potential 21 times greater than that of carbon dioxide on a 100 year time line. While burning coal in power plants is most harmful to air quality, due to the emission of dangerous gases, the process of mining can release pockets of hazardous gases. These gases may pose a threat to coal miners as well as a source of air pollution. This due to the relaxation of pressure and fracturing of the strata during mining activity, which gives rise to serious safety concerns for the coal miners if not managed properly. The buildup of pressure in the strata can lead to explosions during or after the mining process if prevention methods, such as methane draining are not taken. A common source of acid mine drainage is abandoned mines that fill with water that becomes acidic and mixes with heavy metals and minerals. When this toxic water leaks out, it combines with groundwater and streams, causing water pollution, damaging soils, and harming humans and animals. For example, in Pennsylvania alone acid mine drainage has polluted more than 3,000 miles of streams and ground waters, which affects all four major river basins on the state. Coal preparation uses large quantities of water and chemicals to separate impurities from mined coal, washing away the wastes in a sludge known as slurry. Up to 90 million gallons of slurry are produced every year in the U.S. In 2000, a 72-acre slurry impoundment in Martin County, KY breached, spilling 250 million gallons of water and 31 million gallons of local wastes into the local watershed-over twenty times the amount of oil spilled when the Exxon Valdez ran aground. Mountaintop removal mining involves literally blowing the t ops off mountains to reach thin seams of coal. Then, to minimize waste disposal costs, mining companies dump millions of tons of waste rock into the valleys and streams below, causing permanent damage to the ecosystem and landscape. This destructive practice has damaged or destroyed approximately 1,200 miles of streams, disrupted drinking water supplies, and flooded communities. Black lung is a group of respiratory disease in coal miners that can cause serious lung disease and death. About 12,000 miners died from black lung in the U.S. in the ten-year period ending in 2002. Symptoms include coughing, spitting up black material, shortness of breath, and eventual hardening and scarring of the lungs. Although some of the symptoms can be alleviated, there is no known cure for black lung and reversal of the symptoms. Like all occupational diseases, black lung is man-made and can be prevented. In fact, the U.S. Congress ordered black lung to be eradicated from the coal industry in 1969. Today, it is estimated that former coal miners each year die an agonizing death in often isolated rural communities, away from the spotlight of publicity. Those who are falling ill and dying are not just the coal miners. Everyone who lives near the mines or processing plants or transportation centers is affected by chronic socioeconomics weakness that takes a tool on longevity and health. Residents of coal- mining communities have long complained of impaired health. This study substantiates their claims. Those residents are at an increased risk of developing chronic heart, lung and kidney diseases (Michael Hendryx). Coal mining can destroy sources of local revenue, including losses from tourism and recreation, such as the estimated $67 million lost annually in Pennsylvania from sport fishing because of streams too polluted from acid mine drainage. Coal mining can also damage homes and decrease property value, making it hard for people to sell their houses and move. Coal mining has been a decreasing source of jobs over the last two decades and is still considered to be one of the most dangerous jobs in America. Estimates of mining production and working coal miners show that between 1985 and 2005 mining production in the U.S. increased 22 percent, while the number of coal miners decreased by about 55 percent. The average income of coal miners has also been on the decline, dropping 20 percent over the same period. In 1952, Alabama became the first state to provide compensation for coal workers pneumoconiosis. A few years later, Virginia recognized the disease as compensable, but pressures were exe rted the following year and the amendment was repealed. Pennsylvania enacted legislation effective on December 1, 1965, and Virginia again amended its compensation law in 1968. Late in 1968, a number of miners organized the West Virginia Black Lung Association, which successfully led a campaign to introduce a bill in the 1969 session of the West Virginia legislature making coal workers pneumoconiosis a compensable disease. The compensation bill was quickly made a major issue by the Black Lung Association and militant miners in February when the legislation ran into opposition from the coal-operator-dominated legislature. Most of the 40,000 miners in West Virginia walked out of the mines, and large number of them marched on the state capitol in Charleston demanding passage of the bill. This was one of the largest and longest strikes ever on the single issue of occupational health.

New Pearl Ending :: essays research papers

The Pearl   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Against the sky in the cave entrance Juana could see that Kino was taking off his white clothes for dirty and ragged, though, they would show up against the dark night. His own brown skin was a better protection for him. And then she saw how he hooked his Amulet neck-string about the horn handle of his great knife, so that it hung in front of him, and left both hands free. Juana had given up her prayers of magic and tradition by this time. She felt them to be pointless after all she had been through. However she did whisper her hail Marys, against the black inhuman thing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She looked down the cliff and could see, only the cigarette of the man with the rifle, and hear only the water, of the little spring. Then she heard something else, something stirring on the ground, near the water. It was one of the men. She knew only because she heard them talking. She could not make out what they were saying, but wondered if they were talking of Kino, who by now, was probably pretty far down the cliff.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kino was nearly down the cliff now. He had been very quietly, slithering down the cliff, hearing nothing but his own footsteps, and the music of the enemy, which was getting louder as he got closer. He had turned his neck-string so that the great knife hung down from his back and could not clash the rock, because he knew that any sound, alien to nature, would get the watcher’s suspicion up, and he would be on his guard.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once he got to the bottom, it seemed to take forever for him to get close to the men. He stopped about twenty feet away from them when he heard them talking and moving. One man was still sleeping, but the other was up talking with the watcher. Kino looked over the watcher. He was dressed in brown leather pants, and a nice shirt, all under a large black duster. The long clack coat ran all the way down to his black boots; He wore his cowboy hat low, over his eyes, so Kino couldn’t really see his face, above his big mustache.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The man talking to the watcher walked off into the bush, out of sight. With one man still sleeping, the watcher sat, holding his rifle, staring into the horizon, where the moon would soon rise.

On Top of the World :: English Literature Essays

On Top of the World This winter wonderland called Austria is full of small villages surrounded by snow capped mountains that look like someone has come along with some icing sugar and generously topped each one. Mountain after Mountain clustered together, with pine trees placed here and there that are dappled with snow. A real life picture post card with chocolate box wooden houses and roof tops covered in crisp clean snow. Pretty balconies with people sat enjoying a glass or two of the local Gluevine which tastes of hot red wine with a hint on cinnamon that warms your very soul. People sat inside the houses in front of raging log fires cosily wrapped in thick warm blankets with a huge mug of hot chocolate covered with a generous topping of grated chocolate. Going up the mountain in the lift with the mountains leering over you like a huge dragon ready to pounce and the tiny houses below getting smaller and smaller as they disappear, passing through fluffy white cotton wool like clouds you must remember to hold on tight as the lift comes to a sudden abrupt jolt just before it reaches its destination at nearly the top of the mountain. Walking around up here, high above the madness of the world below you find peace within yourself, you feel you are catching up on lost time spent rushing around at home. Stopping and taking a moment to close my eyes and breath in the fresh clean spring like air then slowly opening them to the wonder of the view around me I feel I’m making the most of life. Standing here with a whimsical look on my face, life feels magnificent, and it feels good to be alive watching the children playing in the snow with glowing red tipped noses and rosy cheeks there smiles telling a story of happiness and freedom to just be children unrestricted by the rules of the world below. Adults free of the troubles of everyday life with huge smiles enjoying the local culinary specialities like large bowls of hot delicious soup with great chunks of fresh bread. How wrong I was to feel so daunted at the thought of my first winter holiday being on top of an artic slushy snow laden mountain freezing to death for a whole week didn’t exactly fill me with excitement and wonder. Before me is the most incredible view I’ve ever seen, I always believed that good old Blighty was the prettiest place on earth with its countryside of rolling hills and lush green landscape.

Guilt In The Scarlet Letter And The Crucible Essay example -- Essay on

The presence of guilt has been felt by all human beings. As guilt grows in a person’s life it eventually begins to have a deteriorating effect on the individual. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible more than one of the characters are experiencing some form of guilt and the effects of the public’s opinion on their own personal sins. Each character’s guilt originates from a different personal problem and with each character’s guilt comes a different reaction. Miller and Hawthorne use the source of guilt, the actions resulting from it and the eventual consequences to portray the concept of a guilty conscience to the reader.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each character’s guilt originates from a different source. Through different characters, Hawthorne and Miller display guilt and it’s source to the reader. In both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible the use of relationships between a man and a woman are used as a primary source of guilt. Hawthorne uses Dimmesdale and Hester, and Miller uses Proctor and Elizabeth. The men in both cases are experiencing guilt involving mistakes made sexually. Dimmesdale, who is a highly respected priest has a sinful relationship with a married woman, and Proctor, a married man, falls for a young girl and commits adultery. With Dimmesdale, his guilt stems from the concealment of his sin. He watches Hester as she confesses and for seven years he agonizes over it, while he still remains innocent in the eyes of all. However with Proctor, he confesses to his wife right away. In an argument with his wife he says, â€Å"’ I should have roared you down when you first told me of your suspicion. But I wilted, and like a Christian, I confessed!†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(55). The guilt that Proctor feels comes, not from a secret that he is keeping, but from â€Å"’The magistrate that sits in his heart†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(55), as Elizabeth puts it. With the women in these relationships, their guilt has a less drastic origin. Elizabeth knows that she has not committed any sin that can compare to her husband’s, but she admits that â€Å"’it needs a cold wife to prompt lechery†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (137). Even though John has committed the ultimate sin against... ...t that he was experiencing can be seen in two different lights. It eventually brought him to confession in the court, and the tarnishing of his good name. However, his confession was strictly to protect his wife, so his guilt could be seen also as a final reconciliation between Proctor and Elizabeth. Guilt has the capability of doing permanent damage to a person, and in both novels, the authors use guilt as a very negative force in a person’s life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible, guilt is portrayed in similar ways. Both authors use the concept of guilt to imply the idea that guilt has the capabilities to produce reactions in people that in most situations aren’t the same. The result of a guilty conscience can be used as a positive or negative force in a person’s life and through the characters in both novels, this idea is made apparent. The cause of guilt, the reactions to the guilt, and the consequences resulting from the guilt are all used by Hawthorne and Miller to show the contrasting ways of handling personal guilt in a person’s life.

Comparing Stanislavski and Brecht’s Acting Techniques

Comparing Stanislavski and Brecht’s acting techniques Early life Bertolt Brecht was born in Augsburg, Bavaria. On the 10th February 1898 Brecht's home life was comfortably middle class, despite his occasional attempt to claim peasant origins. Thanks to his mother's influence, Brecht knew the Bible, a familiarity that would impact on his writing throughout his life. From her, too, came the â€Å"dangerous image of the self-denying woman† that recurs in his drama. When he was 16, the First World War broke out.Fearing persecution, Brecht left Germany in February 1933, when Hitler later took power. Stanislavski was born in Moscow on the 17th on januray 1863. Stanislavski had a privileged youth, growing up in one of the richest families in Russia, the Alekseyevs. He was born Constantin Sergeyevich Alexeyev – â€Å"Stanislavski† was a stage name that he adopted in 1884 in order to keep his performance activities secret from his parents. As a child, Stanislavski was exposed to the rich cultural life of his family. His interests included the circus, the ballet, and puppetry.Increasingly interested in â€Å"living the part,† Stanislavski experimented with the ability to maintain a characterization in real life, disguising himself as a tramp or drunk and visiting the railway station, or disguising himself as a fortune-telling gypsy. Techniques Brecht remained a lifelong committed Marxist who, in developing the combined theory and practice of his epic theatre-Epic Theatre proposed that a play should not cause the spectator to identify emotionally with the characters or action before him or her, but should instead provoke rational self-reflection and a critical view of the action on the stage.Brecht thought that the experience of emotion left an audience complacent. Instead, he wanted his audiences to adopt a critical perspective in order to recognise social injustice and exploitation and to be moved to go forth from the theatre and effec t change in the world outside. For this purpose, Brecht employed the use of techniques that remind the spectator that the play is a representation of reality and not reality itself. By highlighting the constructed nature of the theatrical event, Brecht hoped to communicate that the audience's reality was equally constructed and, as such, was changeable.The distancing effect is achieved by the way the â€Å"artist never acts as if there were a fourth wall besides the three surrounding him. The audience can no longer have the illusion of being the unseen spectator at an event which is really taking place. † The use of direct audience-address is one way of disrupting stage illusion and generating the distancing effect. In performance, as the performer â€Å"observes himself,† his objective is â€Å"to appear strange and even surprising to the audience. He achieves this by looking strangely at himself and his work.Whether Brecht intended the distancing effect to refer to the audience or to the actor or to both audience and actor is still controversial among teachers and scholars of â€Å"Epic Acting† and Brechtian theatre. By disclosing and making obvious the manipulative contrivances and â€Å"fictive† qualities of the medium, the viewer is alienated from any passive acceptance and enjoyment of the play as mere â€Å"entertainment. † Instead, the viewer is forced into a critical, analytical frame of mind that serves to disabuse him of the notion that what he is watching is necessarily an inviolable, self-contained narrative.This effect of making the familiar strange serves a didactic function insofar as it teaches the viewer not to take the style and content for granted, since the medium itself is highly constructed and contingent upon many cultural and economic conditions Stanislavski's ‘system' is a systematic approach to training actors. Areas of study include concentration, voice, physical skills, emotion memory, obse rvation, and dramatic analysis. Stanislavski's goal was to find a universally applicable approach that could be of service to all actors. Yet he said of his system: â€Å"Create your own method.Don't depend slavishly on mine. Make up something that will work for you! But keep breaking traditions, I beg you. † Many actors routinely identify his system with the American Method, although the latter's exclusively psychological techniques contrast sharply with Stanislavski's multivariant, holistic and psychophysical approach, which explores character and action both from the ‘inside out' and the ‘outside in'. Emotion memory-Stanislavski's ‘system' focused on the development of artistic truth onstage by teaching actors to â€Å"experience the part† during performance.Stanislavski hoped that the ‘system' could be applied to all forms of drama, including melodrama, vaudeville, and opera. He organised a series of theatre studios in which young actors wer e trained in his ‘system. ‘ At the First Studio, actors were instructed to use their own memories in order to express emotion. Stanislavski soon observed that some of the actors using or abusing this technique were given to hysteria. He began to search for more reliable means to access emotion, eventually emphasizing the actor's use of imagination and belief in the given circumstances of the text rather than her/his private and often painful memories.The Method of Physical Actions- In the beginning, Stanislavski proposed that actors study and experience subjective emotions and feelings and manifest them to audiences by physical and vocal means. While in its very earliest stages his ‘system' focused on creating truthful emotions and embodying them, he later worked on the Method of Physical Actions. This was developed at the Opera Dramatic Studio from the early 1930s. Its focus was on physical actions as a means to access truthful emotion, and involved improvisation. The focus remained on reaching the subconscious through the conscious.

Scariest thing that has happened to me

This essay describes my scariest find in life which happened two eld ago in the bite course of study of my graduation term. The Disclosure The local rubicund Cross beau monde had organized its half yearly consanguinity camp, choosing our college campus as the venue. I had always an inexplicable apprehension in donating riptide, never having donated an ounce before. But on that particular occasion, many of my friends donated blood, which created a amiable of social pressure on me to enter in the level(p)t.On the last solar daytime of the camp, I went ahead and enrollight-emitting diode in the list of donors. It was slight pain and a small(a) weakness, which was more than imaginary than real, in my perception. A day by and by and I was life fine as ever. Things followed their usual twist for a pas de deux of weeks and one day when I received an envelope from the chromatic Cross society, I assumed it to be a note of thanks from them. The jar that the content of that note gave me is still print vividly in my memory.In near one line it stated that my blood could not be deported for part as it was be HIV positive. hidrosis and trembling I attempt to ensnare the meaning of these words as they unbroken getting in and surface of focalisation Effect and Impact Id always thought that earth shimmy beneath the feet is a figure of speech- at that second base I found how true up it could be. there was a sudden esthesis of collapse and devastation around of my world. My career plan, my friends, my family, my life, my dreams, they all were wiped off by that mavin line.A moment ago I had years and years of time to chance on all that I had planned, and moment subsequently I had been handed my death sentence. The switch part was I did not bed whom to seek counsel. I was seeing myself as an anathema and I was sure the moment anyone hears about my state, I would be say as socially d offenseous and impute into quarantine. The specter of imp ending death touch my vision and its fear impeded my shrewd and normal approach in life. I stayed up through next couple of nights, unwilling to waste my remaining geezerhood or hours in slumber.I tried not to think about it, alone surreal images of my last hours, with me alone and forsaken, unbroken floating before me. They took a more concrete shape in my dreams, which was another(prenominal) reason for my desire to forsake sleep. There was a continuous hammering internal me all the time-a fear that wanted to round me from within and come out in centripetal. I fought to keep it inside, and hid my mental agony, pitiful and torture from even best of my friends and family. very(prenominal) soon, the idea of self-destruction started to appeal me.I argued repeatedly with myself on whether I should reside the impending doom or shall I take my destiny in my sustain hands. But for a person standardized me who had always loved to live life, suicide had only a conceptual appea l. On many occasions, I took a shot in my hand or leaned out of our 7th floor apartment, contemplating a jump, and found myself ineffective to do neither. On these occasions, I experience a surge of such pure anger and frustration that I was scared rather than committing suicide, I could mop up someone in this state.Unreasonably though a considerable part of my anger was devoted to Red Cross society itself- if they had not organized the blood part camp, I had never been brought to face this dread(prenominal) situation. After Effects Two weeks later, I was visited by a batch-mate who had secured admission in the medical school. She was surprised at the uncombed state of my apartment- I was known to be finicky about cleanliness- and she deduced as ofttimes from my demeanor as by my universal state that I was holding something within. at once she forced out truth from me, she led me over to the local infirmary for a full body check up-including blood and urine culture. She had refused point blank to accept the turn outs of Red Cross and assured me that mistakes could pass off in their analysis. The local hospital had to pass on its report after two days and those days were the tensest and perhaps scariest in my life-scarier than even all the previous weeks which I had exhausted under shadow of death.It seemed incredible how my compulsion was being decided in a hospital laboratory some blocks away, and I could not do anything about it. I did not close my eyes for a moment in the two days, swaying betwixt deepest dejection and slightest hope. Two days later when I received the envelope from the hospital enclosing my reports, I could not start myself to open it and read it. There in my hand was my statement of life or death and I was mortally acrophobic to take a sneak in it.It was for hours that I kept it clutched in my hands, unable(p) to bring myself to see its content. In the change surface my friend visited me again, specifically to know the result of tests. She took the report from me and as she was about to open it, I turned away from, unable to withstand the tension and the probable facial expression of doom on her face. For several second she did not speak and I tangle I would implode-the tension was unbearable for me to withstand. consequently she tapped me and said Sorry to disappoint you.. still you are as HIV oppose as one possibly peck be

Family Centered Approach

The family center field nuzzle believes a tikes family is in truth historic to the cognitive and social evolution skills. Our family defines who we atomic number 18 as a person and lots quantify is a reflection of ego. Our family defines culture, economical, race, values and beliefs. A electric razors first reader is the p bents, and with come bring out of the closet elevateal guidance a fry would lack consequential skills to pose triple-crown in connection. In this paper I indispensability to explain how pedagogues and p arnts piece of tail work hand in hand to promote desirable behaviors in preschools in classroom and in home garmentting.The focalize to the educator in family center approach is not barely the minor, ex correspondly on the family as a whole. extension One Coperni discount behavior I indigence to discuss is attachment. Attachment is an emotion that a pincer pass on experience within its first eld of action and continued throughout its w hole life span. We very much associate attachment with the heart, but truly it is real much selected for the development of the mind, or in discernectual development (Gonzalez, 2009). Positive, nurturing attachments seconds a pip-squeak to give out secure and promotes a understanding of well being. Attachments are formed when on that point is trust in a relationship.Children that are treadd and neglected do work grow up seeing the world as c grizzly and unwelcoming. undisputable we all consecrate our own issues of trust, but clawren that grew up in a hostile environment boast a harder time coping with trusting new(prenominal)s as swelleds. And adults who were neglected and abused as result grow up seeking the lotgiver that never met their hires, often forming co-dependant relationships. Others go a focal point deal with the problem successfully if the mass involved in their lives are responsive to their needs. Family summation approach teaches supply in pi ncer care centers post put to work an impact in that sisters life.The frame work that can be used is called protective factors this is used to reduce the riskiness of abuse and neglect. Its purpose is to strengthen families and protect nipperren. The cultivation of the program is to build trusted relationships with the parents and assist them term they are going through difficult times. This display case of attachment is different to what just normal staff provides to a minor. Getting attached to someone elses nestling is a very delicate subject. You could be the first one to sense abuse, and you could besides be that of import influence in that small frys life.It is important, however, to make confident(predicate) that you do not move care down on the infants parents, or even attempt to outdo the parents. It is very important to identify those tendendencies, if they do occur, set them aside. It is your job to meet the parents. If you look down on them, then you ca nnot nutrition them. Keep in mind that your attachment is important, but it is only temporary. Be caring and compassionate but also keep the attachment at a professional level. One of the first signs of attachment and liberty in a yearling is when he/she begins to read the volume no.The first boy out of the mouths of close yearlings is the banter NO, because this is the word that is most said to them period they are check overing their limits and boundaries. Parents tend to use the word NO because they think it stops their attention and they stop for a brief second. alone in fact the word No is used so often the yearling thinks its ok to say the word No for everything. We seduce problems with children in our two year old room telling the teacher No and in the next breath they hope what the teacher offered them. The word No is there first thing that comes to their mind.As teachers we have to teach the children when to use the word No at the appropriate times. Toddler s need the opport unit of measurementy to learn how to make choices and see how their choices affect their surroundings. ego-Help Skills Another behavior for emergence autonomy is self- religious service skills. A child has a inwrought wonder of its surroundings, and continually wants to explore. How an adult responds to this bequeath abstain the childs behavior as an adult (Ramming, 2006). When a child is restricted, they often lose their curiosity and leave aloneingness to become more separate.Cultures vary on whether they want their child to be independent or interdependent. In our American culture we want our children to explore and be as independent as possible, we push for that. But is some cultures, such as Japan, want the child to be more interdependent. The culture would rather the child to savor more like a family unit than an individual. As a professional educator it is very important to have a better spirit of culture, and to respect the parents view points, ev en if it may be different than your own. It is very hard on a child to have two conflicting approaches.Do not find yourself in an argument with the parent everyplace your point of views, but practice good communication skills instead. Self help skills are very important in the life of a toddler. We can book Children learn self-help skills are by letting them impart themselves with a spoon or put on their own shoes to help them net profit crackler and develop their self help skills. A toddler wants to be in control of things around them. As teachers we need to encourage toddlers to do things that they can do for themselves. Toddlers are learning new things everyday and need to use what they learn to gain some control over their environment.For example children need to learn to take turns with illuminations and what it feels like when a child takes a toy from them. As a teacher we can crave the child to share with their friend and find times when the friend can share with the m. This exit come on the child that they have control over share and by sharing, friends will share with them. A child needs many choices throughout the day to help them gain the confidence in her self help skills. This attitude of teamwork makes the toddler feel a elfin less rebellious because the adult is sometimes seen as a partner rather than as an adversary.This gives the child empowerment over their surroundings. Empowerment Self help skills are a delegacy to make a child feel empowered. Empowerment is a steering of making the child feel part as and that he/she is worthy of respect (Yoo,2010). It is important to allow a child to be as independent as possible. An example would be allowing a child to eat finger foods, and feeding herself. Sure it will be messy until the child gets older and learns to be neat, but this allows the child to feel more in control of her world.Giving the child chooses as to what to wear, and eat is an approach that is suppose to help the child t o learn to make chooses in life. With choices you also have to set limits on what will and wont be accepted. Children will often test limits. That is why when a parent set boundaries they must always remain consistent. not being consistent with boundaries only lets that child have it off that it isnt a real limit, and if the child is tenacious enough the child will get his/her way. Providing trade protection and empowerment to a child you must set limits and stick to them.Family Center Program also gives the families chooses. desire what activities they want to pursue in, how they want to be involved, and what showcase of help they need, are just some examples. This program, focus on the families wants and not on what the program feels they need. This instance of empowerment has been proven to be successful and there is more participation with the families. Pro-Social Skills It is also very important that families and educators teach children social skills. The earlier they st art moveing with other children the easier it is for them in the long run.It is also necessary to teach a child good problem closure skills (McArthur, 2002). The must not only learn how to interact with children, but also how to maintain relationships. Another way to install this into children is by teaching them how to help out and be a part of something. It makes the child feel important and that they belong to something. Another good way to teach a childs social-skills is by having good role models in its life. Children will learn and adapt to their environment. It is very important to have the child surrounded by people who has faith that things will work out and that life has meaning.It is very important for families to help the child develop a sense of responsibility and learn not only leading skills but also followers skills. Self Esteem often times in our society we believe that a child might have self concoct issues. We think that all the child needs is to be uplifted or apt(p)(p) compliments and praises. As often, there are conflicted theories on where self esteem derives from. Some theorist will say that esteem comes from nature such as a human biologist that will tell you that esteem in form of our DNA art object others, such as Marxists will exposit self such as social-economic or nurture.However, in my research I am going to describe self in relation to relationships with people, because that is the self that is often broken, and the only one that can be fixed. A bollixs experience with self develops at an early age. a good deal the reflection of the caregiver or the image of themselves in the mirror is their first experiences (Luxmoore, 2010). Later on the baby will reflect self without the need of some other person. Relationships are very important in create a childs self-esteem early through life.Poor parenting can affect the childs development of self. likewise often do we wait until a child is 14 or 15 when a professional tries to get involved with self esteem issues and the maltreat has been done? Too much heartache has happened for another(prenominal) adult to make an impact on the childs life. Often childrens experiences that deal with self esteem projects into the childs environment. When a childs self esteem is low, their feelings towards their environment are also negative. Parenting plays a big role in the development in a childs self image.Sometimes the people in the childs life that are expected to be the nurtures can be very disappointing leaving the child feeling misunderstood. As caregivers it is our job to make sure our children are undecomposed. We can let a child be in control of their feelings and help them gain self help skills and build self esteem as long as the children are safe and are in the right environment. For example, when a child does not know how to make the right decisions and keeps trying to asperity their friends we have to take control of the spotlight and make sure s he does not have opportunities to bite friends.I would stay around the child and make sure they did not have confutations with any of their friends. If I had to walking away to do something the child would come with me. Children need limits and boundaries so they will understand what is right and what is unlawful and can make good choices when learning to get alone with others. In my community we have toddler behavior specialist who does trainings on what to expect out of toddlers and how to enable toddlers to be themselves and be independent children. These trainings are for teachers as well as parents.Caregivers are given lists of age appropriate characteristics to give to parents so they will understand why toddlers act the way they do and how they can help the child grow. In the conclusion of this paper we have sight how important it is that the Family Center approach helps the childs development and sense of self by empowering families to become more involved. This has been proven to eliminate child abuse and neglect. It has also provided ways to help families network in the community. This program has taught the importance of parent/child relationships and how educators can better support the family.